Shingle



July 7, H ABRAHAM 2,047,161

SHINGLE Filed April 14, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

July 7, 1936. H. ABRAHAM A 2,047,161

SHINGLE Filed April 14, 1954 V 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

ATTORNEY.

Patented July 7, 1936 :1"-

UNITED ,srAT-Es PATENT OFFICE H NGL Herbert Abraham,-New York, N; assignor to .The. Ruberoid Co.,,New York N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey '7 Application April 14, 1934, Serial No. 720,518 4 C lai n 1 s. (c1.,1o s-'-9) 3 V The invention relates to'shingle coverings in which the shinglesare Wide-spaced'in horizontal courses with those of one course offset withrespect to those of the preceding cour'se'in'such manner as each to headlap and sidelap the'shingles immediately to the right and left thereof in such preceding course, thereby bridging the spaces between the shingles :so lapped, and normally presenting passages underneaththe bridg- 1@ ing butts of the shingles. Filler strips have been employed to stop these passages, but thesehave heretofore been individual entities, applied as such, in the laying; of the covering, with resultant inconvenience and labor. r1 1. I

An object of the present invention is a shingle having a filler strip fixedly positioned on one face thereoftobe integral therewith, so as to fall into and be retained in its assigned position'uponithe mere placing and nailing of the shingleyall care and labor, heretofore involved in the setting and attaching of individual fillersbeingi thus avoided; and no storm nails-nor more: than two-nails of any sort, being required, and"those nails being clear. of the filler, and unrestrictedbythe latter 25 as to their location. .1; i

A feature of the invention, in its preferred form, is the positioning of the filler'ontheouter face of the head of the shingle, and the positioning of nail holes in the shingle, clear ofthe filler for g predetermining the location of. the shingle fora given headlap, .such that when a shingle, isalaid, the lower edge of thebuttthereof: falls-into registry with the lower edge of the filleron va shingle headlapped therebyiww 1 I 3 The shingle may be T -shapedtohaveellateral shoulders which are sidelappedintheassembly; and, since the nails for securing the shingle are not required at the filler,they'rnaybe-located in such shoulders, to be coveredlin the assembly,

'40 and may be so located therein that when they just clear the upper edgespr Tunderlying shingles to the right and left thereof, they automatically determine all headlapsjf I It is a feature of the invention that combined shingles and fillers, whenthusmade T -.shapei1,

and laid in the manner. hereinafter described, present continuous vertical, straight line ,effects, as distinguished "froni' the zigzag. .verticali.line effects heretofore had where fillerswere employed.

Other objects and features of the invention will more fully appear upon reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

Figure 1 is a plan view of one of the combined 55 shingles and fillers;

511E812 material with;p ractically no waste. 1 transverse cuts through the sheet l8 each de- -fine one ofthe, side lines of two adjacent shingles.

Fig. 2 is a view in cross section on the line 2'-2 of Fig. -1;

. Fig. 3 is a view of alength of sheet material showing the manner in which the shingles and filler pieces are cut therefrom with little waste; 5

M Fig. 4 isa plan view of a portion of covering made of the shingles and fillers, in several incompletecourses; and l Fig. 5 is a view in cross section on the line 5--5 of Fig.4, :As'shown in Figure 1, the shingle is of general T-shape, having a head portion l0 and a narrower butt portion H, delimited by shoulders I2 which may be considered as demarking the base line of the head. 1 l5 Integral with the-fiat unit Illl l, and permanently secured thereto as for instance by rivets 3,.is a filler strip M at the upper edge of the -,head portion ID; The filler piece l4, in the instance shown, is located centrally of the fiat shingle unit, with respect to. the vertical medial vline of the latter, and hasitsupper edge flush .with theeupper edge of the head l0. As shown in Fig. 2, the filler. strip I4 is of thesame thickness as the flat unit llI-l I. 5 For securing the shingle to the structure to be covered, the shingle is provided with nailholes l5, one at eithertside thereof} near the base of f the head portion l0, and'in that portion of the r headwhich extends beyond the side lines lfi 0f the shinglewbutt. The nail holes l5 are prefer- .ably located above theshoulder lines l2 a distancewhich determines a desired headlap .of the shingle shoulders on thetwo-wide-spaced shingles, to the right and leftthereof respectively, in the next preceding course. The holes 15 are further so spa'cedwith respect to the side-lines ll of the shingle head astobe overlapped and covered1by the shingle-buttsof sidelapping shingles, tothe right andleft thereof respectively, in 40 113118118X; succeeding course; all as will more fully appear in connectionwith the layout shown in As shown in Fig. 3,- the shingle is so shaped and proportioned that it may be cut in quantities from The ,Ine the sheet, alternate shingles are shown as in- ;yerted with respe twt shingles-lying between the same.

The sheet I8 is of such width as also to provide for the cutting therefrom of the filler strips 14. In Fig. 3, the dotted lines l9 designate the base lines IQ of the shingle butts. These areas of the sheet (see Fig. 3) lying between the dotted lines l9 and the marginal lines 20, and between the shaded portions 2|, are the filler pieces. The shaded areas 2| represent waste material: and these areas are commensurate with the sidelap, see Fig. 4, of the shingle butts of one course on the opposed and wide-spaced heads of the shingles of the next preceding course.

Referring now to Fig. 4, shingles, such as A and B, of the first course are set wide-spaced one from the other, and are secured to the structure to be covered by nails driven through the holes I5. In laying this first course, it will be understood that the spaces between adjacent shingles will be closed.

Shingles, such as C and D, of the second course, are then laid over the wide spaces between the first course shingles; the right edge I! of the head of shingle C of the second course being set against the left end of the filler M on shingle A of the first course. The left edge I! of the head of shingle D of the second course is set a ainst the right ed of the filler M on shingle A. When shingle C is thus set against the filler of shingle A, the right edge l6 of the butt of shingle 0 falls into vertical alignment with the left edge l6 of the butt of shingle A; and a definite and predetermined sidelap of the butt of shingle C on the head of shingle A has been effected. In this position, the butt of shingle C overlies and covers the left nail hole l5 of shinle A.

The stepped distance from one course to another, and the headlap. of the shingles of one course on those of the preceding course, is determined by the position, or distance, of the nail holes l5 above the lines of the shoulders l2, as hereinbefore indicated. In laying the shingle 13., for instance, of the second course, it is adjusted vertically until the holes l5 therein just clear the upper edges of the heads of the shingles A and B of the first course. The shingle, having been previously given its correct lateral adjustment by means of the fillers, and having now been given its vertical adjustment by eans of the holes I5, is secured in place by nails driven through such holes. Successive courses are laid in like manner.

As will be seen upon reference to shingleD of the second course, the butts of the shingles of one course just measure the distances between the butts of the shingles of the preceding course; all butt lines being thus vertically continued from one course to another as straight vertical lines, throughout the covering.

In the covering as shown in Fig. 4, the headlaps determined by the nail holes I! are such that as to shingles of alternate rows, such for instance as shingle A of the first course and shingle E of the third course, the base lines of the butts of the overlying shingles coincide with the lower edges of the fillers on the underlying shingles; the fillers being thus invisible when the covering is seen in plan view.

It is only between the heads of the widespaced shingles of any given course, where the same are bridged by the butts of the shingles of the next course due to the overlapping ofsuch heads by such butts, that there are any openlugs to be stopped by fillers; and, in the laying of the covering, the fillers automatically fall into the positions of such openings to stop the same. It is because the height of such openings or bridges is determined by the thickness of the shingle plates being bridged, that the filler strips are of like thickness. Hence it is that filler pieces and shingles plates may economically be cut from the same piece of sheet material.

What I claim is:-

1. A T-shaped shingle comprising a rectangular butt portion, a rectangular head portion of greater width than the butt and forming shoulders of equal width at either side of the butt, a filler strip along the middle of the top edge portion of the upper face of the head, said shingle being adapted to be laid in horizontal courses with similar shingles in wide-spaced overlapping relation with the shoulders of adjacent shingles of one course in line with the lower edge 0! the filler strip of a subjacent shingle and shutting the ends of the strip.

2-. A r shaped shingle comprising a rectangulat butt portion. a rectangular head portion of reater width than the butt and forming shoulders of equal width at either side of the butt, a filler strip along the middle of the top edge portion of the. upper face of the head, said shingle being adapted to. be laid in horizontal courses with similar shingles in wide-spaced overlapping relation with the shoulders of adjacent shingles of one course in line with the lower edge of; the filler strip of asubjacent shingle and abutting the ends of the strip, and nail holes in the lower corners of the head spaced upwardly from the shoulders a. distance slightly greater than the width of the fillerstrip, said nail holes being so disposed that nails driven through them will just. clearthe upper edge of a subjacent shingle. V

3. A covering for roofs, sidings, and the like, comprising horizontal courses of shingles laid in wlde spaced overlapping relation, each shingle having a rectangular butt portion, a rectangular head portion of greater width than the butt and providing shoulders of equal width at either side of the butt, .a. filler strip along the 'middle top edge portion of the upper face of the head, the courses being laid with the shoulders 01' adjacent shingles of" one course in line with the lower edge 01' the filler strip of a subjacent shingleand abutting the ends of the strip.

t. A covering for roofs, sidings, and the like, comprising horizontal courses of shingles laid in wide-spaced overlapping relation, each shingle having; a rectangular buttportion, a rectangular head portion of greater width than the butt and providing shoulders of equal width ateither side of the butt, a filler strip along the middle top edge portion of the upper face of the head, the courses being laid with the shoultiers of adjacent shingles of one course in line with the lowe edge of the filler strip of a subjacent shingle and abutting the ends of the strip, each shingle being fastened by two nails passing through preformed holes in the lower corners of; the head just above the upper edge of a subjacent shingle.

, HERBERT ABRAHAM. 

